Stage 1: Technical Foundations

Master Bitcoin's core protocol, cryptography, and proof-of-work

~2.5 hours 3 modules Protocol Mastery badge

Welcome to Technical Foundations

This stage takes you deep into the technical architecture of Bitcoin. You'll understand how transactions work at the protocol level, master the cryptographic primitives that secure the network, and comprehend how proof-of-work creates decentralized consensus.

By the end of this stage, you'll be able to read raw transactions, understand Bitcoin's security model, and have the foundational knowledge needed to build on Bitcoin.

Modules

Module 1: Bitcoin Protocol Deep Dive

1
Understand Bitcoin's transaction model from the ground up. Learn about UTXOs (Unspent Transaction Outputs), transaction structure, script language, and how Bitcoin validates transactions at the protocol level.

Topics Covered:

  • UTXO model vs. account model
  • Transaction inputs and outputs
  • Bitcoin Script language
  • Interactive UTXO Visualizer demo
  • Hands-on: Parse a real Bitcoin transaction

Module 2: Cryptographic Primitives

2
Master the cryptographic building blocks of Bitcoin: hash functions (SHA-256), digital signatures (ECDSA), and Merkle trees. Understand how these primitives create Bitcoin's security guarantees.

Topics Covered:

  • SHA-256 hash functions and collision resistance
  • Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA)
  • Public/private key pairs
  • Merkle trees and Merkle proofs
  • Interactive hash playground

Module 3: Proof of Work

3
Understand how mining works, why proof-of-work is necessary, and how difficulty adjustment maintains Bitcoin's 10-minute block time. Learn about network security and the cost of attacking Bitcoin.

Topics Covered:

  • Mining mechanics and nonce discovery
  • Difficulty adjustment algorithm
  • Network security model
  • 51% attack scenarios
  • Advanced Mining Simulator
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Congratulations! Stage 1 Complete!

You've earned the "Protocol Mastery" badge! You now understand Bitcoin's technical architecture at a deep level and are ready to explore Lightning Network development.

Continue to Stage 2: Lightning Network →